I'm not sure what to tell you beyond what I have posted. Splicing wires in is not the answer, troubleshooting the problem is. If it were me, I would pull all the added/spliced wiring out and start over. Solve the brake lights-it's one wire in, two wires out and 12 volts. Replacing the turn signal switch is your call. You should try and find someone who can look over this locally before you replace it. I would replace it, but that's me.
And yes, the new switch does not come with a connecter, you need to extract the pins and repopulate your connecter shell. Not impossible, but moderatly difficult to explain in written text. THere is little to margin for error in putting the pins back in the shell. THe safest way is one wire at a time-old one out, new one in-no mistakes. If the shell won't fit through the steering column, well, then you need to be even more careful. You would need to draw a good diagram and extract the pins and pull the switch out of the steering column. One wire in the wrong position could cause a short and do some real damage. Not trying to be dramatic or alarmist, it's simply a real concern in replacing a turn sig switch if you have never done one, seen one done, or have some help from someone who has to back you up while you swap the connecter shells.
THis is not an impossible problem. It's a pretty common problem with these old cars. I really think you need to find some help locally at this point. I will help as best I can, but not being able to see it makes resolving this difficult at this point.